Simple Present Tense

The simple present or present simple is one of the two present tenses used in modern English, the other being Present continuous.
There two kinds of simple present tense :


1. NOMINAL SENTENCE
(simple present tense without verb)
Formula :
(+) S + Tobe + Adj/Noun/Adv
(-) S + Tobe + not + Adj/Noun/Adv
(?) Tobe + S + Adj/Noun/Adv ?


Example :

(+) They are tired
(-) They are not tired
(?) Are they tired ?

(+) I am sick
(-) I am not sick
(?) Am I sick ?

(+) She is a teacher
(-) She is not a teacher
(?) Is she a teacher ?

2. VERBAL
(simple present tense with verb)
Formula :
(+) S + V1 (s/es) + O/C
(-) S + do/does + not + V1 + O/C
(?) Do/does + S + V1 + O/C ?

There are three important note:
1. For the 3 rd person singular (she, he, it) we add “s” or “es” to the main verb (only for positive tense).
With most verb, the 3 rd person singular form is created simply by adding – S. However, with some verb, you need to add –ES change the ending a little.
Here are the rules :
Verb ending in ... How to make the 3 rd person singular Example
s Add -ES He passes
z Add -ES She apologizes
sh Add -ES She wishes
ch Add -ES He watches
Consonant + y Change Y to I, then add -ES It flies
2. For positive sentences, we do not normally use the auxiliary.
3. For the verb tobe, we do not use an auxiliary, even for question and negative sentences.

Example :

(+) Reza studies internet
(-) Reza does not studies internet
(?) Does Reza studies internet?

(+) Mira, Caca, Try and Wawan walk together
(-) They do not walk together
(?) Do they walk together?

(+) Saras and I play badminton every week
(-) We do not play badminton every week
(?) Do we play badminton every week ?

The some frequency that use in simple present tense :
- Always
- Usually
- Often
- Never
- Sometimes
- Seldom

Examples :
- I always remember you
- They are usually here
- We often eat in restaurant
- I never cry
- She sometimes forgets
- He seldom studies

Uses of present simple:
We uses the present simple for describes general truths, facts and scientific laws.
Example : the earth moves round the sun.

- We use the present simple for direction.
Example : the earth moves round the sun.

- We us the present simple for direction.
Example : you come out of the station.
Then you turn tight.

- We use the present simple for habits and routines.
Example : I watch TV every nigth.

- We use the present simple for things that are true and that normally happe
Example : Children like playing.

- We use the present simple for things which you like or dislike.
Example : He dislike novel

- We use present simple for permanent situation
Example : He lives in Tokyo.

- We use the present simple for procedures,
Example : He interview boys.

- We use the present simple for perceptions.
Example : The food smells good.